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Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between controls, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

From: Fasting triglycerides and glucose index: a useful screening test for assessing insulin resistance in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus

VariablesControls
n = 50		RA
n = 95		SLE
n = 57		p
Age (years) mean ± SD51.1 ± 7.753.9 ± 7.046.8 ± 9.8**,a,b< 0.001
Disease duration (years), mean ± SD–11.9 ± 9.112.1 ± 7.70.8
Smoking, n (%)6 (12.0)9 (9.9)9 (15.8)0.5
Sedentary lifestyle, n (%)26 (52.0)59 (62.1)33 (57.9)0.5
Hypertension, n (%)4 (8.0)32 (33.7)16 (28.1)0.003
Duration of hypertension (years), mean ± SD7.3 ± 12.03.2 ± 6.82.0 ± 5.70.04
Menopause, n (%)22 (45.8)78 (82.1)30 (52.6)< 0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2), mean ± SD29.5 ± 2.328 ± 3.6*,a29.1 ± 5.20.05
 Underweight-Normal, n (%)11 (22.0)20 (21.1)14 (24.6)0.8
 Overweight-obesity, n (%)39 (78)75 (78.9)43 (75.4) 
Waist (cm), mean ± SD92.4 ± 7.792 ± 9.592.7 ± 13.80.7
Total-cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD201.1 ± 33.5196.6 ± 37.9197.6 ± 40.90.7
Total-cholesterol (mmol/L), mean ± SD3.2 ± 0.85 ± 0.95.1 ± 1.00.7
Elevated triglycerides, n (%)29 (58.0)25 (26.3)24 (42.1)0.07
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD48.2 ± 14.352.3 ± 14.552.0 ± 14.60.2
 HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L), mean ± SD1.2 ± 0.31.3 ± 0.31.3 ± 0.30.2
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD115.7 ± 30.0114.9 ± 33.0115.8 ± 31.00.9
 LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L), mean ± SD2.9 ± 0.72.9 ± 0.82.9 ± 0.80.9
Uric acid (mg/dL), mean ± SD4.7 ± 0.94.4 ± 1.24.6 ± 1.10.1
 Uric acid (mmol/L), mean ± SD2.8 ± 0.52.6 ± 0.72.7 ± 0.60.1
TyG-index results
 Insulin Resistance, mean ± SD3.83 ± 0.224.67 ± 0.21**,a4.71 ± 0.30**,a< 0.001
 Insulin Resistance, n (%)5 (10.0)48 (50.5)28 (49.1)< 0.001
Fat mass% (DXA results), mean ± SD46.2 ± 3.846.9 ± 4.948.5 ± 4.8**,a0.02
Treatments
 Corticosteroid, n (%)–74 (77.9)54 (94.7)0.006
 Chloroquine, n (%)–16 (15.1)26 (48.1)< 0.001
 Methotrexate, n (%)–55 (58.5)9 (15.8)< 0.001
 Leflunomide, n (%)–27 (28.4)5 (8.8)0.004
 Biologics, n (%)–6 (6.3)13 (22.8)< 0.001
  1. Italic values indicate significance of p value (p < 0.05)
  2. HDL-cholesterol high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol low density lipoprotein cholesterol, DXA Dual-Energy X-Ray Absortiometry, comparisons of quantitative variables between the three groups were made with one-way ANOVA. p value represents the statistical differences in at least one of the groups. To identify differences between two groups a corrected T3-Dunett analysis was performed
  3. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p < 0.001
  4. aSignificant p-value between RA or SLE vs. controls
  5. bSignificant p-value between RA vs. SLE; elevated triglycerides were defined ≥ 1.69 mmol/L; biologics included in the analysis: adalimumab, rituximab and infliximab
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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