Fig. 3

Effects of L. plantarum and inulin on Kisspeptin and AR expression in the rat testis. a The protein levels of AR in testis from the control and diabetic rats, as determined by western blot analysis. b Relative protein quantification of testicular AR, on the basis of β-actin. c Relative protein quantification of testicular kisspeptin, on the basis of β-actin. HC,  Healthy Control; DC,  Diabetic Control; DSh,  Diabetic Sham; DL,  Diabetics treated by L. plantarum; DI,  Diabetics treated by inulin; DLI,  Diabetics treated by L. plantarum and inulin. Data are presented as mean ± SD and calculated by ANOVA and a post hoc Tukey’s test. Values are regarded as significantly different at P < 0.05. *P < 0.05 compared with the HC group. ^#P < 0.05 compared with the DC group. ^†P < 0.05 compared with the DSh group