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Table 3 Participants characteristics according to transient elastography results

From: Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its associated factors in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center in Brazil

  Altered TE Normal TE p value
Demographical and clinical characteristics
N (%) 22 (23.2) 73 (76.8)  
Age, years 40 ± 11 39 ± 14 0.625
Female gender, n (%) 11 (50.0) 44 (60.3) 0.392
Non-Caucasian, n (%) 9 (40.9) 39 (53.4) 0.303
Years of school attendance 12 ± 4 12 ± 3 0.833
Diabetes duration, years 22 ± 10 20 ± 9 0.448
BMI, kg/m2 28.9 ± 3.7 24.3 ± 3.6  < 0.001
WC, cm 94.9 ± 11.3 83.2 ± 10.4  < 0.001
HC, cm 104.5 ± 7.4 97.8 ± 7.0  < 0.001
WHR 0.91 ± 0.08 0.85 ± 0.07 0.003
SBP, mmHg 135 ± 16 125 ± 16 0.011
DBP, mmHg 81 ± 11 76 ± 10 0.027
Insulin dose, U/kg 0.75 ± 0.26 0.77 ± 0.33 0.768
Hypertension, n (%) 14 (63.6) 29 (39.7) 0.048
Anti-hypertensive use, n (%) 13 (59.1) 26 (35.6) 0.050
Metformin use, n (%) 5 (22.7) 6 (8.2) 0.120
Statin use, n (%) 14 (63.6) 30 (41.1) 0.063
Acetylsalicylic acid use, n (%) 6 (27.3) 12 (16.4) 0.351
Currently smoking, n (%) 1 (4.5) 5 (5.3) 1.000
Metabolic syndrome, n (%) 15 (68.2) 27 (37.0) 0.010
FLI 60 [58] 13 [21]  < 0.001
Laboratory measurements
HbA1c (%)
mmol/mol 		8.9 [2.8]
74 [29] 		8.5 [2.3]
70 [24] 		0.717
FPG,mg/dl 130 [200] 116 [131] 0.517
Total cholesterol, mg/dl 170.0 [77.3] 161.0 [65.0] 0.880
HDL-c, mg/dl 50.8 [24.5] 47.6 [32.8] 0.880
LDL-c, mg/dl 99.9 [46.1] 91.4 [40.2] 0.383
Triglycerides, mg/dl 89.0 [99.0] 75.0 [62.5] 0.040
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 99 [30] 100 [29] 0.771
Albumin, mg/dl 4.0 ± 0.7 4.0 ± 0.6 0.992
ALT, U/l 10.0 [8.5] 8.0 [7.0] 0.260
AST, U/l 14.5 [8.3] 12.0 [7.5] 0.082
GGT, mg/dl 20.5 [41.3] 19.0 [16.5] 0.596
CPK, mg/dl 119.0 [172.0] 80.0 [86.0] 0.667
CRP, mg/dl 0.3 [0.9] 0.2 [0.4] 0.771
Uric acid, mg/dl 3.8 [1.8] 3.5 [1.7] 0.383
  1. Altered TE refers to steatosis and/or fibrosis on transient elastography (TE). Data are represented as means ± standard deviation, median [interquartile range] or as numbers (percentages). BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference, HC: hip circumference; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HDL: HDL cholesterol; LDL: LDL cholesterol; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate by CKD-EPI equation; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; CPK: creatine phosphokinase; CRP: C reactive protein; FLI: fatty liver index
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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

ISSN: 1758-5996

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